Mention the elephantnose fish and most people will think of Gnathonemus petersii. But in fact there are many more species than that, as Heiko Bleher explains.
In fact there are 194 valid species of elephantnose!
These fabulous electric fish are fascinating oddballs – and it seems they have amazed people for centuries, as Heiko Bleher explains in the first of a two-part Definitive Guide to elephantnoses in the March issue of Practical Fishkeeping:
"Elephantnoses even amazed the ancient Egyptians! We know from records from 2450-2350 BC that many carvings were made of them and still these survive, as in the tomb of Idout, tomb of Ti and tomb of Mereruka, and also in some beautiful paintings.
"To that dynasty of Egyptians these fishes were sacred, a symbol of fertility and one of the forms of the goddess Isis is depicted with one in her hand."
However, they can be difficult to keep in the aquarium without the correct conditions. Heiko explains all about their natural history and also offers advice on maintaining them properly in captivity.
The March issue is on sale on February 16 2011.
And did you know that it's possible to breed elephantnoses in the aquarium? In part two of his guide Heiko introduces a fishkeeper who is doing just that! The April issue is on sale on March 16.
And what of those 190+ species? Here, Heiko identifies what fish comprise the whole Mormyridae family structure. It contains 21 genera and 194 species.
Brienomyrus, Taverne 1971: Five valid species and three possible new species:
B. adustus (Fowler 1936): Type location 30 km/19 miles east of Kribi, Cameroon.
B. brachyistius,** (Gill 1862): Type location Ogowe river, Gabon.
B. longianalis* (Boulenger 1901): Type location, junction of Ethiop and Jamieson rivers, Niger Delta.
B. sphekodes**(Sauvage 1879): Type location, Ogôoué river at Doumé, Congo.
B. tavernei,* Poll 1972: Type location, Masombwe, Kipepe river, tributary of Tumbwe river, Congo river basin, DRC.
B. sp. 1*: Niger delta, Nigeria.
B. sp. 2*: South of Lagos, Nigeria.
B. sp. 3** Bas ZaiBrevimyrus, Taverne 1971: One valid species and a possible new one.
Brevimyrus niger,* (Günther 1866): Type locality, Gambia. Distribution West Africa and White Nile basin.
B. sp. 1: Lower Niger river delta, Nigeria.
Boulengeromyrus, Taverne and Géry 1968: One valid species:
B. knoepffleri** Taverne and Géry 1968: Type locality, Loa-Loa rapids, Ivindo river, 0°27'N, 12°48'E, downstream from Makokou, Gabon.
Campylomormyrus, Bleeker 1874: 14 valid species:
C. alces* (Boulenger 1920): Type locality, Stanley Falls, DRC.
C. bredoi (Poll 1945): Type locality, Pweto, Lake Moero (Lake Mweru), DRC.
C. cassaicus* (Poll 1967): Type locality, Dundo, Luachimo river, Angola.
C. christyi* (Boulenger 1920): Type locality, Kinshasa, DRC.
C. curvirostris** (Boulenger 1898): Type locality, Matadi, Lower Congo river, DRC.
C. elephas* (Boulenger 1898): Type locality. Upoto, Upper Congo.
C. luapulaensis (David and Poll 1937): Type locality, Kabunda, 1°15'S, 29°30'E, Congo rver basin, DRC.
C. mirus** (Boulenger 1898): Type locality, Upoto, Upper Congo. Distribution, Congo basin.
C. numenius** (Boulenger 1898): Type locality, Upoto, Upper Congo. Distribution, Congo basin.
C. orycteropus, Poll, Gosse and Orts 1982: Type locality, Pweto, Lake Moero (Lake Mweru) DRC.
C. phantasticus (Pellegrin 1927): Type locality, Sanaga river at Nanga Eboko, Cameroon. Distribution, Sanaga basin.
C. rhynchophorus** (Boulenger 1898): Type locality, Upoto, Upper Congo.
C. tamandua** (Günther 1864): Type locality, Niger, western Africa.
C. tshokwe** (Poll 1967): Type locality, Dundo, Luachimo river, Angola.
Cyphomyrus, Myers 1960: Two valid species:
C. macrops (Boulenger 1909): Type locality, Upper Congo. Distribution, Central Africa.
C. psittacus (Boulenger 1897): Type locality. Stanley Falls, Upper Congo river, DRC.
Genyomyrus, Boulenger 1898: One valid species:
G. donnyi, Boulenger** 1898: Type locality, Upoto, Upper Congo, DRC, about 2°N, 21°30'E.
Gnathonemus, Gill 1863: Four valid species, possibly one new species
G. barbatus, Poll 1967: Type locality, Caluango, Camaloa river, tributary of Luangue river, Angola.
G. echidnorhynchus,** Pellegrin 1924: Type locality, Kasaï river at Kamaiembi, DRC.
G. longibarbis,** (Hilgendorf 1888): Type locality, Lake Ukerewe, Victoria Nyanaza, Kagehi or Kageyi, east of Kayenze, southern shore of Lake Victoria, Mwanza district, Tanzania, 2°23'S, 33°06'E.
G. petersii,* (Günther 1862): Type locality, Old Calabar, Nigeria. Distribution, West Africa.
G. sp. 1. Boma, Bas ZaiHeteromormyrus Steindachner 1866: One valid species
Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus (Steindachner 1866): Type locality, Angola.
Hippopotamyrus, Pappenheim 1906: 15 valid species:
H. aelsbroecki** (Poll 1945): Type locality. Elisabethville (Lubumbashi), DRC.
H. ansorgii** (Boulenger 1905): Type locality. between Benguella and Bihé, Angola.
H. castor, Pappenheim 1906: Type locality, Lokundi river, near Bipindi, Cameroon.
H. discorhynchus** (Peters 1852): Type locality, Mozambique. Distribution, Central and southern Africa.
H. grahami (Norman 1928): Type locality, near mouth of Kagera river, 0°57'30"S, 31°46'30"E, Lake Victoria (Victoria Nyanza).
H. harringtoni (Boulenger 1905): Type locality, White Nile river, Sudan.
H. longilateralis, Kramer and Swartz 2010: Type locality, above Epupa Falls, Cuene river, on Namibian/Angolan border, 17°00'07"S, 013°14'57"E, at 600m/1970’.
H. macroterops (Boulenger 1920): Type locality, Poko, Haut-Zaire province, Zaire (DRC).
H. pappenheimi (Boulenger 1910): Type locality, Quanza river at Cunga, Angola.
H. paugyi, Lévêque and Bigorne 1985: Type locality. Kolenté river, Kolenté, Guinea.
H. pictus (Marcusen 1864): Type locality, White Nile river, Sudan.
H. retrodorsalis (Nichols and Griscom 1917): Type locality, small forest brook tributary of Bima river, Niapu, DRC
H. szaboi, Kramer, van der Bank and Wink 2004: Type location, rocks in middle of river at Katima Mulilo, 17°29'30"S, 24°16'18"E, Upper Zambezi river system, Namibia.
H. weeksii** (Boulenger 1902): Type locality, Monsembé, Upper Congo river.
H. wilverthi (Boulenger 1898): Type locality, Matadi and Upoto, DRC.
Hyperopisus, Gill 1862: One valid species:
H. bebe, ** (Lacépède 1803): Type locality, Nile river, Egypt. Some recognise the subspecies bebe and bebe ocidentalis.
Isichthys, Gill 1863: One valid species:
I. henryi, * Gill 1863: Type locality, Tooxlong river, West Africa.
Ivindomyrus, Taverne and Géry 1975: Two valid species:
I. marchei (Sauvage 1879): Type locality, Ogôoué river at Doumé, Congo.
I. opdenboschi, Taverne and Géry 1975: Type locality, Ivindo river, Gabon, Makokou.
Marcusenius, Gill 1862: 35 valid species and one questionable:
M. abadii** (Boulenger 1901): Type locality, Djebba, Upper Niger.
M. altisambesi, Kramer, Skelton, van der Bank and Wink 2007: Type locality. Caprivi Strip, Lisikili, Upper Zambezi river, Namibia.
M. angolensis* (Boulenger 1905): Type locality, Quanza River, Angola.
M. annamariae (Parenzan 1939): Type locality, Lake Regina Margherita, southern Ethiopia (probably extinct).
M. bentleyi (Boulenger 1897): Type locality, Stanley Falls, Upper Congo river, Zaire.
M, brucii (Boulenger 1910): Type locality, Ogun river at Aro, Lagos State, southern Nigeria. Distribution, Lower Niger.
M. cuangoanus (Poll 1967): Type locality. Zovo, Uamba river, tributary of Cuango river, Angola.
M. cyprinoides* (Linnaeus 1758): Type locality, Nile river, Egypt.
M. deboensis (Daget 1954): Type locality, Lake Debo, Upper Niger, western Africa.
M. devosi, Kramer, Skelton, van der Bank and Wink 2007: Type locality. Lower Tana river near village, Wenje, 1°52'38. 1"S, 40°08'22. 5"E, Kenya.
M. dundoensis (Poll 1967): Type locality. near Dundo, Sanga river, tributary of Luachimo river, Angola.
M. friteli (Pellegrin 1904): Type locality, Alima river, Diélé, Congo basin.
M. furcidens (Pellegrin 1920): Type locality, Ivory Coast.
M. fuscus (Pellegrin 1901): Type locality, Congo.
M. ghesquierei (Poll 1945): Type locality, Busira river, region of Eala, 0°15'S, 18°59'E, Congo river basin, DRC. Distribution, Central Africa.
M. greshoffii (Schilthuis 1891): Type locality, Kinshasa, Stanley Pool, Congo river near Brazzaville, DRC.
M. intermedius, Pellegrin 1924: Type locality, Kasaï river at Kabambaie, 5°45'S, 20°49'E, DRC.
M. kainji, Lewis 1974: Type locality, Lake Kainji, artificial lake in lower Niger River, Nigeria, 10°30'N, 4°35'E. Uncertain status.
M. kutuensis (Boulenger 1899): Type locality, Lake Leopold II, Kutu Island, 2°44'S, 18°08'E, DRC.
M. leopoldianus (Boulenger 1899): Type locality, Ibali Island, Lake Leopold II, Congo.
M. livingstonii (Boulenger 1899): Type locality, Rovuma river, Tanzania and border to Mozambique.
M. macrolepidotus* (Peters 1852): Type locality, Tette, Mozambique. Distribution, Eastern Africa.
M. macrophthalmus (Pellegrin 1924): Type locality, Kasaï river at Tshikapa, DRC.
M. mento (Boulenger 1890): Type locality, Gabon. Distribution, West-central Africa.
M. meronai, Bigorne and Paugy 1990: Type locality, Rokel at Kondembaya, about 9°21'N, 11°33'E, Sierra Leone.
M. monteiri* (Günther 1873): Type locality, Boma, Congo river, DRC.
M. moorii **(Günther 1867): Type locality, Talagouga, Ogowe, Gabon.
M. ntemensis (Pellegrin 1927): Type locality, Ntem river, Cameroon.
M. pongolensis (Fowler 1934): Type locality, Pongola river, Paulpietersburg district, South Africa.
M. sanagaensis, Boden, Teugels and Hopkins 1997: Type locality, Bankim, Mbam river, 6°05'N, 11°30'E, Cameroon. Distribution, Western Africa: Sanaga river basin, Cameroon.
M. schilthuisiae (Boulenger 1899): Type locality, Kutu, Lake Léopold II; Stanley Pool, Congo river.
M. senegalensis (Steindachner 1870): Type locality, Taoué and Dagana, Senegal. Distribution, Western Africa.
M. stanleyanus (Boulenger 1897): Type locality, Stanley (Boyoma) Falls, Upper Congo river, DRC.
M. thomasi (Boulenger 1916): Type locality, Northern Sherbo district, Sierra Leone.
M. ussheri (Günther 1867): Type locality, Bossumprah river, Ghana. Distribution, western Africa.
M. victoriae (Worthington 1929): Type locality, Lakes Victoria, Kioga, and Kwania; Nile river, East Africa.
Mormyrops, Müller 1843: 19 valid species:
M. anguilloides*** (Linnaeus 1758): Type locality, Nile river, but widespread.
M. attenuatus, Boulenger 1898: Type locality, Upoto, Upper Congo river.
M. batesianus, Boulenger 1909: Type locality, Bumba river at Assobam, southern Cameroon.
M. breviceps, Steindachner 1894: Type locality, Bougouriba river, tributary of the Black Volta, near Daragré, West Africa.
M. caballus** Pellegrin 1927: Type locality, Sanaga river at Nanga-Eboko and Nyong river at Dehane, Cameroon, but found in West-central Africa.
M. citernii, Vinciguerra 1912: Type locality, Upper Genale river, Ethiopia.
M. curtus,*** Boulenger 1899: Type locality, Lower Congo river, DRC.
M. curviceps, Roman 1966: Type locality, Bougouriba river, tributary of the Black Volta, near Daragré, 10°56'N, 3°39'E, West Africa.
M. engystoma,* Boulenger 1898: Type locality, Matadi, Lower Congo river, DRC.
M. furcidens, Pellegrin 1900: Type locality, Diélé, Alima river, Congo.
Mormyrops intermedius, Vinciguerra 1928: Type locality, Rubi river at Buta, DRC.
M. lineolatus,** Boulenger 1898: Type locality. Upoto, Upper Congo.
M. mariae (Schilthuis 1891): Type locality, Kinshasa, Stanley Pool, upper Congo river near Brazzaville, DR C. Distribution, Central Africa.
M. masuianus,** Boulenger 1898: Type locality, Upoto and Sanga iver, Upper Congo.
M. microstoma, Boulenger 1898: Type locality, New Antwerp, Upper Congo.
M. nigricans, Boulenger 1899: Type locality, Kutu, Lake Leopold II, Upper Congo.
M. oudoti, Daget 1954: Type locality, Bamako, upper Niger, Mali.
M. parvus, * Boulenger 1899: Type locality, Boma, Lower Congo River, DRC.
M. sirenoides,** Boulenger 1898: Type locality, New Antwerp, Upper Congo.
Mormyrus, Linnaeus 1758: 22 valid species:
M. bernhardi, Pellegrin 1926: Type locality, Nairobi, Kenya, found in Eastern African freshwater.
M. caballus,* Boulenger 1898: Type locality, Upoto, Congo. Distribution, West-central Africa.
M. casalis, Vinciguerra 1922: Type locality, Webi Shebeli, Somalia. Distribution, East Africa.
M. caschive, * Linnaeus 1758: Type locality, Nile river, Egypt.
M. cyaneus, Roberts and Stewart 1976: Type locality, Lower Congo river, DRC at 5°31.5'S, 13°37.5'E.
M. felixi, Pellegrin 1939: Type locality, Cameroon.
M. goheeni, Fowler 1919: Type locality, St. Paul river, Liberia. Distribution, West Africa
M. hasselquistii,** Valenciennes 1847: Type locality, Nile river, Egypt.
M. hildebrandti, Peters 1882: Type locality, Adi river in Ukamba, East Africa. Distribution, Eastern Africa.
M. iriodes, Roberts and Stewart 1976: Type locality, Lower Congo river, near Inga, DRC, at 5°31.5'S, 13°37.5'E.
M. kannume, Forskål 1775: Type locality, Damiatae, Egypt (Damietta, mouth of the Nile).
M. lacerda, Castelnau 1861: Type locality, Zambezi river at Léalui, Zambia.
M. longirostris,*** Peters 1852: Type locality, Mozambique. Distribution, Eastern Africa.
M. macrocephalus, Worthington 1929: Type locality, Lakes Kwania and Kioga, Victoria Nile, Uganda.
M. macrophthalmus,** Günther 1866: Type locality, Niger. Distribution, western Africa.
M. niloticus (Bloch and Schneider 1801): Type locality, Nile river, Egypt.
M. ovis,*** Boulenger 1898: Type locality, Upoto, Upper Congo.
M. rume,* Valenciennes 1847: Type locality, Senegal. Distribution. West Africa.
M. subundulatus, Roberts 1989: Type locality, mainstream of Bandama river near Station Biologique de Lamto, Côte d'Ivoire. Distribution, western Africa.
M. tapirus, Pappenheim 1905: Type location, Lokunje river, Cameroon. Distribution: western Africa.
M. tenuirostris, Peters 1882: Type location, Adi river in Ukamba, East Africa.
M. thomasi, Pellegrin 1938: Type location, French Congo. Distribution, Central Africa.
Myomyrus, Boulenger 1898: Three valid species:
M. macrodon, Boulenger 1898: Type locality, Matadi, Lower Congo river, DRC.
M. macrops, Boulenger 1914: Type locality, Ja river, and Bumba river, a tributary of the Ja river, Cameroon.
M. pharao, Poll and Taverne 1967: Type locality. Kinsuka, Congo River, downriver of Kinshasa, DRC.
Oxymormyrus, Bleeker 1874: Two valid species:
O. boulengeri, ** (Pellegrin 1900): Type locality, Diélé, Alima river, Congo.
O. zanclirostris, Günther 1867: Type locality, Gabon. Distribution, Western and central Africa.
Paramormyrops, Taverne, Thys van den Audenaerde and Heymer 1977: Seven valid species:
P. batesii (Boulenger 1906): Type locality, Kribi (now Kienké) river, Efulen (now Efoulan), ca. 2°46'59"N, 10°31'59"E, southern Cameroon.
P. curvifrons (Taverne, Thys van den Audenaerde, Heymer and Géry 1977): Type locality, Ivindo river, near M'Passa, Makokou, Gabon.
P. gabonensis, Taverne, Thys van den Audenaerde and Heymer 1977: Type locality, Ivindo river, near M'Passa, Makokou, Gabon.
P. hopkinsi (Taverne and Thys van den Audenaerde 1985): Type locality, Ivindo river, near Makokou, Gabon, western Africa.
P. jacksoni (Poll 1967): Type locality, Nharicumbi village, 12°S, 21°10'E, Longa river tributary of Luena river, Angola.
P. kingsleyae,* (Günther 1896): Type locality, Old Calabar, Nigeria (but probably Ogowe river, Gabon). Distribution, West-central Africa.
P. longicaudatus (Taverne, Thys van den Audenaerde, Heymer and Géry 1977): Type locality, Ivindo river, near M'Passa, Makokou, Gabon.
Petrocephalus, Marcusen 1854: 28 valid species:
P. ansorgii,* Boulenger 1903: Type locality, Lower Niger river delta, southern Nigeria. Distribution, West Africa.
P. balayi, Sauvage 1883: Type locality, Ogôoué river, Gabon
P. bane (Lacépède 1803): Type locality, Nile river, Egypt.
P. bovei (Valenciennes 1847): Type locality, Nile river, Egypt.
P. binotatus, Pellegrin 1924: Type locality, Congo river at Ikengo, DRC.
P. catostoma,** (Günther 1866): Type locality, Rovuma (Ruvuma) river, Eastern Africa, Tanzania/Mozambique.
P. christyi, Boulenger 1920: Type locality, tributary of Lindi river at Bosabangui, near Kisangani, estimated 0.53°N, 25.19°E, DRC. Distribution, Congo basin.
P. cunganus, Boulenger 1910: Type locality, Quanza river at Cunga, Angola.
P. gliroides (Vinciguerra 1897): Type locality, Ganana river at Lugh, Somalia.
P. grandoculis, Boulenger 1920: Type locality, Lower Congo river at Kinshasa, DRC.
P. hutereaui (Boulenger 1913): Type locality, Uelé, Upper Congo river at Dungu, DRC. Distribution, Congo basin.
P. keatingii, Boulenger 1901: Type locality, Fashoda (Kodok), White Nile river, Sudan. Distribution, Nile basin.
P. levequei, Bigorne and Paugy 1990: Type locality, Rokel at Bumbuna, Sierra Leone. Distribution: West Africa.
P. mbossou, Lavoué, Sullivan and Arnegard 2010: Type locality, Cuvette-Ouest, small branch of Lékoli river, ca. 300m long before it re-entering main channel of Lékoli, 0.62°N, 14.91°E. Odzala National Park, Congo river basin, DRC.
P. microphthalmus,* Pellegrin 1908: Type locality, Lower Ogooué river, Ogooué river basin at Ngomo, 00°49'S, 9°57'E (but estimated as 0.82°S, 9.95°E0, Gabon.
P. odzalaensis, Lavoué, Sullivan and Arnegard 2010: Type locality, Lékénie river at Mboko débarcadère, Odzala National Park, 0.62°N, 14.90°E, Congo river basin, DRC.
P. pallidomaculatus,* Bigorne and Paugy 1990: Type locality. Niger river at Kalaban, near Bamako, Mali. Distribution, Niger basin.
P. pellegrini, Poll 1941: Type locality, Maseï river at confluence with Bon de Boan river, Nuon river system, Ivory Coast.
P. pulsivertens, Lavoué, Sullivan and Arnegard 2010: Type locality, channel around island in Lékoli river, Odzala National Park, 0.62°N, 14.95°E, Congo river basin, DRC.
P. sauvagii (Boulenger 1887): Type locality, Lower Congo. Distribution, Central Africa.
P. schoutedeni, Poll 1954: Type locality, Yangambi, Congo river, DRC.
P. simus,* Sauvage 1879: Type locality, Doumé, about 00°51'S, 12°56'E, Ogôoué river, near Lastoursville, Gabon.
P. soudanensis, Bigorne and Paugy 1990: Type locality, Niandan at Loutou, Guinea.
P. squalostoma (Boulenger 1915): Type locality, tributary of Lukinda river, a tributary of Moero Lake, DRC.
P. sullivani, Lavoué, Hopkins and Kamdem Toham 2004: Type locality, Ogooué river near park of La Lopé, 00°06'S, 11°35'E (0.1°S, 11.58°E), Gabon.
P. tenuicauda (Steindachner 1894): Type locality, Queah and Junk rivers, Liberia. Distribution, western Africa.
P. wesselsi, Kramer and van der Bank 2000: Type locality, Sabie river bridge near Lower Sabie tourist camp. 25°07'S, 31°55'E, Kruger National Park, South Africa.
P. zakoni, Lavoué, Sullivan and Arnegard 2010: Type locality, channel around island in Lékoli river, Odzala National Park, 0.62°N, 14.95°E, Congo river basin, DRC.
Pollimyrus, Taverne 1971: 17 species:
P. adspersus,* (Günther 1866): Type locality, West Africa.
P. brevis (Boulenger 1913): Type locality, Dungu, Upper Uelé river, DRC. Distribution, Central Africa.
P. castelnaui (Boulenger 1911): Type locality, Lake Ngami basin, Bechuanaland . Distribution, South Africa.
P. guttatus (Fowler 1936): Type locality, 30km east of Kribi, Cameroon. Distribution, West Africa.
P. isidori (Valenciennes 1847): Type locality, Nile river, Egypt.
P. maculipinnis (Nichols and La Monte 1934): Type locality, Luluabourg , Kasai district, DRC.
P. marianne, Kramer, van der Bank, Flint, Sauer-Gürth and Wink 2003: Type locality, Zambezi river, Lisikili backwater, 17°29'S, 24°26'E. Distribution, South-eastern Africa.
P. nigricans (Boulenger 1906): Type locality, mouth of Katonga river, Lake Victoria (Victoria Nyanza). Distribution, East Africa.
P. nigripinnis (Boulenger 1899): Type locality, Kutu, Lake Leopold II, Upper Congo. Distribution, Central Africa.
P. pedunculatus (David and Poll 1937): Type locality, Boma, Congo river basin, DRC. Distribution, Central Africa.
P. petherici (Boulenger 1898): Type locality, Khartoum, Upper Nile.
P. petricolus (Daget 1954): Type locality, Markala, Sudan. Distribution, Nile basin.
P. plagiostoma (Boulenger 1898): Type locality, Matadi, Lower Congo river, DRC. Distribution, Lower Congo.
P. pulverulentus (Boulenger 1899): Type locality, Coquilhatville, Upper Congo. Distribution, Congo basin.
P. schreyeni, Poll 1972: Type locality. river 15km from Boende on Boende-Watsi route, Congo river basin, DRC. Distribution, Congo basin.
P .stappersii (Boulenger 1915): Type locality. tributary of Lukinda river. Distribution, Central Africa.
P. tumifrons (Boulenger 1902): Type locality. Ubangi river at Banzyville, Democratic Republic of Congo. Distribution, Congo basin.
Stomatorhinus, Boulenger 1898: 13 valid species:
S. ater, Pellegrin 1924: Type locality, Congo river at Kidada, DRC.
S. corneti, Boulenger 1899: Type locality, Stanley Pool, Congo. Distribution, Congo basin.
S. fuliginosus, Poll 1941: Type locality, Mosongolia river, Uele, Ibembo region, DRC. Distribution, Central Africa.
S. humilior, Boulenger 1899: Type locality, Ibali, Lake Leopold II; Coquilhatville, Upper Congo. Distribution, Congo basin.
S. ivindoensis, Sullivan and Hopkins 2005: Type locality, Bialé Creek, a tributary of the Ivindo river inside the Ipassa Plateau Reserve near Makokou, 0°32.3'N, 12°49.6'E, Gabon. Distribution, West-central Africa.
S. kununguensis, Poll 1945: Type locality, Kunungu, Congo river basin, DRC. Distribution, Central Africa.
S. microps, Boulenger 1898: Type locality. Boma and Matadi, Lower Congo and region of the cataracts, Manyanga. Distribution, Lower Congo.
S. patrizii, Vinciguerra 1928: Type locality, Buta, DRC. Distribution, Central Africa.
S. polli, Matthes 1964: Type locality, Ikela region, Congo. Distribution, Congo basin.
S. polylepis, Boulenger 1899: Type locality, Coquilhatville (now Mbandaka) and Isangila, region of the cataracts, Upper Congo. Distribution, Congo basin.
S. puncticulatus, Boulenger 1899: Type locality, Boma and Chiloango, DRC.
S. schoutedeni, Poll 1945: Type locality. Boma, Congo river, DRC. Distribution, Central Africa.
S. walkeri (Günther 1867): Type locality. Ogowe river, Gabon. Distribution: western Africa.
Key: Species without * are rarely found in the hobby and those
with one * are the most frequently available. Those with ** are sometimes available. Those indicated *** I believe have been imported only once or twice.